IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT STATUS AND IN VIVO AMELIORATION PROPERTY OF CLITORIA TERNATA LINN. ON CARBON TETRACHLORIDE INDUCED HEPATOTOXIC OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RATS

Authors Name:  Dadi Bhaskara Rao*, Mohana Krishna. G, Raghava Rao K.V., Ravi Kiran C.H., Raghava Rao. T

Volume No : 3,  Issue No : 2,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

This study investigated the potential protective effects of Clitoria ternata by evaluating the in vitro antioxidant status as well as the in vivo amelioration of haematological parameters on CCl4 induced oxidative stress with a view to enumerate the potential areas of the utilization in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The present study involves the preparation of petroleum ether and chloroform leaf extracts by Soxhlet extraction process. These extracts were analyzed for their antioxidant properties such as vitamin C and antioxidant ability assays like reducing power assay, hydroxy radical scavenging assay and inhibition of in vitro lipid peroxidation. Our results were compared with standard antioxidant BHT. Furthermore, amelioration property of haematological parameters was investigated on CCl4 induced hepatotoxic oxidative stress in rats. The results showed that both PE and CE Clitoria ternata possess significant levels of vitamin C and exhibited in vitro antioxidant propertiesThis study gives an impression that Clitoria ternata could be potential candidate demonstrating the protective activity in oxidative stress.

IMPACT OF MODIFIED FLY ASH SOIL CONDITIONER ON IMPROVEMENT OF SOIL AND YIELD OF WHEAT

Authors Name:  Buddhe S. T., Thakre M.G., *Chaudhari P.R

Volume No : 3,  Issue No : 2,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

A novel soil conditioner ‘Biosil’ was developed from fly ash discharged from thermal power plant through the process of magnetization. Field trials were carried out in Rabi season 2010-2011 on wheat cultivar GW-273 using Biosil doses from 150 kg/ha to 900 kg/ha in combination with recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), keeping RDF control and vermicompost (VC) control. Biosil treatments improved the soil fertility and wheat productivity with 750-900 kg/ha being optimum for most of parameters. Production of wheat grains in Biosil treatment was 30% more than the RDF control. Maximum percentage increase under Biosil doses over RDF control in relation to plant population, plant height, number of leaves/plant, number of effective tillers, length of earhead, number of grains/earhead, test weight & straw yield were 13.33%, 4.85%, 65%, 50.51%, 6.52%, 26%, 10.98% and 20.77% respectively. Maximum grain and straw yields were 58.6 q/ha and 88.4 q/ha respectively at 900 kg/ha Biosil dose. VC control was superior to RDF control and over 150-450 kg/ha Biosil treatments in case of most of the parameters. However, long term field trials are required for recording maximum benefits of Biosil Treatment at these low doses.

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ASSESSMENT OF NORMAL AND VARIATION OF FORAMEN SPINOSUM WITH HIGH RESOLUTION COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY (CT)

Authors Name:  *Bhawani.V, Dr.Anushri, Dr, V.R.K.Rao, Dr.Shakunthala .R. pai.
Volume No : 3,  Issue No : 2,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

Objective: This study proposes to identify the anatomical variations in Foramen Spinosum in human with High Resolution - CT Scans.

Methods: 200 sides of 100 High Resolution - CT images were obtained in which 67 are from the Male patients and 33 are from the Female patients of different age varying 21 to 65 years.

Results: This study not only helps the anatomist, but also the neurosurgeons in the performance of the skull base micro vascular surgery. Knowledge acquired may improve the identification & preservation of the neurovascular structure during the surgical approach of the middle cranial fossa.

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ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROORGANISMS IN THE FERMENTED FISH WASTE LIQUID FOLIAR SPRAY - GUNAPASELAM

Author Name:  *Vincent. R, Ismail S.A., Dawood Sharief. S, Jeyaprakash. P

Volume No : 2,  Issue No : 3,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

        Biofertilizer is an alternative source for chemical fertilizer to increase soil health and crop production in sustainable farming. Fish waste solution called Gunapaselam is a product of easily available ingredients and it works as a natural plant growth booster. Gunapaselam in the present study has been evaluated for the efficiency of microorganisms, especially the Ammonifiers, Nitrifiers and Phosphate solubilizer have been isolated and characterized. Gunapaselam as a organic foliar spray is proved to be a fertilizer which is beneficial to the soil and its application promotes the growth of the plants. 

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ORGANIC PACKAGE FOR CABBAGE (Brassica olearaceae Var.capitata) CULTIVATION AN EFFECTIVE AND ECONOMICAL - SOLUTION FOR AGRICULTURAL FIELD.

Author Name:  *Jeyaprakash. P, Ismail S.A., Dawood Sharief. S, Vincent. R

Volume No : 2,  Issue No : 3,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

        Cabbage (Brassica olearaceae var.capitata) is one of the major vegetables produced and consumed in India. Over the years cabbage is being cultivated more intensively in Theni district of Tamilnadu. This has resulted in higher rates of pest infestation and higher pesticide use. This in turn has contributed to insecticide resistance and human health impact, which has triggered a growing interest in alternative pest management techniques. This investigation was carried out on cabbage grown in red laterite soil at Ambasamuthuram village, Theni district, Tamilnadu, India. The study is aimed to investigate the effect of organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers and the effect of organic pest repellent (NCBT 01) to control white grubs in cabbage plants as well as to study the economics involved in these practices. The impact of NCBT 01 is unique and effective compared to chemical pesticides. 

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A MITOCHONDRIAL GENEALOGY STUDY ON THE PERSIAN GULF ANGELFISH

Author Name:  SEPIDEH DADGAR, PARISA NEJATKHAHMANAVI, MASSOUMEH DEHGHANMANSHADI, MAHDI TONDAR, *MASSOUD HOUSHMAND

Volume No : 2,  Issue No : 3,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

        There are over 70 different species of Angelfish that live in warm ocean waters around the world. Among them, few species are from fresh waters. Angelfish belong to the Pomacanthus family. The genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationships among two species of the Pomacanthus family (maculosus and imperator) were investigated by mtDNA sequencing of samples taken from the southern parts of the Persian Gulf. The PCR- sequencing was applied to explore the 1170bp of 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA from the gill tissues of 11 angelfish collected from 3 different parts of the Persian Gulf. Between Pomacanthus imperator and Pomacanthusmaculosus, twenty-two and thirty-one nucleotide differences were found in 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes, respectively. According to our phylogenetic trees, all Pomacanthus maculosus specimens taken from three different regions were clustered in one group, whereas the Pomacanthus imperator specimen is phylogenetically separated from the Pomacanthus maculosus specimens. 

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ANTI-BACTERIAL SCREENING OF Thuja occidentalis LEAVES

Author Name: *SAYED ALIRAZA SHAH, ABDUL QADIRKHAN, MUKHTAR AHMADAWAN, YOUSAF IQBAL, MUHAMMAD ABBAS and MALIK MUJADIDUR REHMAN

Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 3,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

        Thuja occidentalis is a monoecious coniferous plant belongs to the family cupressacae. It has high medicinal importance. In the present study, the antibacterial activity of hot water, cold water and Methanolic extracts of Thuja occidentalis leaves were tested against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 74303, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Enterobacter faecalis ATCC 35824, Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028, by Disk diffusion method. All tested bacterial organisms were susceptible to all the extracts showing zones of inhibition ranging from 6mm to 12mm in hot water extracts, 4mm to 9mm in cold water extracts and 5mm to 11mm in methanolic extracts. The result shows that Thuja occidentalis leaves have potential of antibacterial activity against all bacterial species mentioned in the study. The extracts showed significant results against different bacterial strains. 

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EXAMINATION FOR HEMAGGLUTINATION ACTIVITY OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS ON CHICKEN ERYTHROCYTES UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITION

Author Name:  SHUJA and KANEEZ FATIMA*

Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 3,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

Newcastle disease (ND) is a serious disease of birds. ND virus (NDV) was analyzed by checking the hemagglutination activity (HA). The various factors like vaccine concentrations (0.5% and 1%), buffers (PBS and saline buffer), incubation temperature, incubation time and pH of saline and PBS buffer were varied and the effect of these factors on HA activity of NDV was observed. It was observed that the maximum HA activity was obtained at pH 7.4 and concentrated vaccine showed good activity as compared to diluted vaccine. Micro titer plates incubated at room temperature showed better HA activity. 

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DENTAL IMPLANTS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY

Author Name:  PARNEET SOFAT et al.,

Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 3,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences
Abstract:
Nanotechnology is one the current fields of interest to adjust the properties of implants. It deals with systems and structures that result in new properties due to their small size (1-100 nm). The main applications in the bio-materials science are controlled cell attachment on different implant surfaces and design of multi-functional drug delivery device. Because the cell attachment depends both on surface chemistry and on the surface nano-scale features, the modification of implants involves usually different surface treatments. The aim of this paper is to review the various aspects of interaction of implants with stem cells, osseo-integration of dental implants and dental implant surface modifications.

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ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC LEAVES EXTRACTS OF FICUS CARICA

Author Name: RASOOL KAMAL, IKRAMULLAH, SOFIA JADOON, NOOR BAHADAR, KHOLA SAJID, WAJIHA FIDA, ANWAR ULLAH, SOHAIL
Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 2,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences
Abstract:

        FicusCarica plant is traditionally used in curing many ailments. In the present study, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Ficus carica leaves were tested for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. Leaves were prepared using cold water, hot water and ethanol as solvents. Anti microbial activity was determined using well diffusion method. The results showed that the Hot water, Cold water and Ethanolic extract show antibacterial activity but the zone of inhibition against Staphylococus aureus was higher. Comparing the types of Extracts, Ethanolic extract showed higher antibacterial activity and the maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus was. These results indicate the significance of F.carica plant in pharmacognosy and need further study to quantify the antimicrobial agents and their chemistry.

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IMPLANT-SUPPORTED OVERDENTURES: REVISITED

Author Name:  *AMIT KALRA et al.,

Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 2,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

        Edentulous patients with a severely resorbed jaw often experience problems with their dentures. Treatment concepts involving two to four implants for the support of an overdenture have been proposed. The purpose of this review article is to discuss the various aspects associated with implant-supported overdentures.

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BULK DRUG PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT BY VERMIFILTRATION – AN ECO-FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGY

Author Name:  SHARDA DHADSE, SHANTA SATYANARAYAN and *CHAUDHARI P.R

Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 2,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

        Waste water generated from bulk drug manufacturing unit depicts high chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 34800 mg/l and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of 16,000 mg/l which was treated by vermifilters. Bulk drug wastewater was treated at different organic and hydraulic loadings using endemic species of earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae. Treated effluents were colourless and odourless at all the organic loadings with 2 days hydraulic loading. COD and BOD removals were in the range of 83.44% - 92.32% and 85.73% -93.92% respectively at two days hydraulic retention time (HRT). Marginal increase in COD and BOD removal were observed at 4 days HRT, but in terms of cost, it is not worth doubling the HRT. Vermicast showed good nutrient value. Treated effluent depicted sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in the range of 3.95 and 4.76, which is well within the stipulated standard and is very congenial for land application. This paper discusses the feasibility of vermifilters in treating bulk drug waste waters.

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A STUDY ON SOCIO - ECONOMIC STATUS OF FARMERS PRACTICING ORGANIC FARMING IN EASTERN DRY ZONE OF KARNATAKA

ANANTHNAG. K, *MAHATAB ALI K M and VINAYA KUMAR H M

Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 2,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

        The study was conducted in Eastern Dry Zone (EDZ) of Karnataka state during the year 2010-11. From Eastern Dry Zone three districts, six taluks and 120 respondents were selected. Data was collected using structured schedule and Trivedi’s (1963) procedure was followed for quantifying Socio-economic status of farmers practicing organic farming. The data revealed that more than half of the respondents (51.67 per cent) were medium landholders, more than one-third of respondents had high school (38.33 per cent) education, nearly two third (65.00 per cent) of the respondents were having pakka house, Majority (66.67 per cent) of the respondents were belonged to OBC category, majority (95.00 per cent) of the farmers had small family (less than five members) and Cent percent of the respondents were following agriculture as their main occupation.

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TREATMENT OF LARGE RADICULAR CYST BY SURGICAL ENUCLEATION: A CASE REPORT

Author Name:  *ANANT SINGH, NSC CHARLES, SIMRANJIT SINGH, AMITOJ SALL, ASHWIN KUMAR. S, SWATI GUPTA and ROSE KANWALJEET KAUR
Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 2,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:
The radicular cyst has been classified as inflammatory cyst, as a consequence to pulpal necrosis with an associated periapical inflammatory response. Many times it is difficult to differentiate radicular cysts from the obligatory pre-existing chronic periapical periodontitis lesions radiographically. This paper presents the successful treatment of radicular cyst in the maxillary anterior region by surgical enucleation.

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IDENTIFICATION OF HOT SPOT RESIDUES BETWEEN HOMOLOGY MODELLED GILZ AND NF-kBp65

Author Name:  *THENMOZHI. M
Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 1,  Published year : 2014, Category : Informatics
 

Abstract:
Glucocorticoid induced leucine zipper protein (GILZ) is a glucocorticoid receptor responsive protein; it plays a key role in autoimmunity suppression via Rel-A domain (p-65 subunit of NF-kB) interaction. To identify the interface residues (Hot spot residues) between the interacting proteins would reveal the importance of the biological function of the complex, since they are considered being a possible ways of disrupting the proteinprotein interaction. Computational methods to study protein-protein interactions are affordable when compared to experimental alanine scanning experiments. From the results, we studied the hydrogen bond forming aminoacids between the protein-protein complexes, predicted hydrogen bond forming aminoacids between the interacting proteins, are in the range of the experimentally predicted aminoacid length. Computational methods that predict the structure and specificity of protein-protein interactions can yield deep insight into the structural biology of many biochemical pathways.

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MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Author Name:  *PRIYA SANTHARAM and APPALARAJU B
Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 1,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

Objective: The prospective study was done to determine the incidence of Multidrug resistant tuberculosis at our Tertiary care Hospital in South India.

Materials and methods: Smear positive respiratory samples collected over a period of one year were processed for detection of M.tuberculosis, using standard methods and subjected to susceptibility for 2 drugs - Isoniazid and Rifampicin by Absolute concentration method.

Results: Out of the117 smear positive respiratory samples collected, M.tuberculosis grew in 101 samples. Our study showed primary and acquired resistance for both drugs to be 1.25% and 19% respectively.

Conclusion: Finally our study showed MDR-TB to be present more in default patients than new cases. The data was in accordance with the prevalence values available from Indian and global studies.

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OSTEORADIONECROSIS: A CASE REPORT

Author Name:  ATISH PRAKASH PAWAR, MANPREET KAUR, SHAHNAWAZ S MULANI, NEHA AHUJA, SWATI GUPTA, ROSE KANWALJEET KAUR, *SANDEEP GOYAL and SAREEN DUSEJA

Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 1,  Published year : 2014, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

Radiotherapy (RT) is largely used for head & neck malignancies as a primary therapy or adjuvant to surgery, or in conjunction with concurrent chemotherapy or as palliative treatment. Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is usually a late complication of radiation exposure, occurring when irradiated bone becomes devitalized. Current prevalence rate is approx.5% whereas the frequency approached 15% less than 20 years ago. The purpose of this article is to report a case of osteoradionecrosis of the jaw.

 

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LIMING EFFECT ON CHANGES OF SOIL PROPERTIES OF WHEAT FIELD: A CASE OF BARIND AREA IN BANGLADESH

Author Name:  MD. KAMARUZZAMAN, MD.NURUL ISLAM, *MD. NOOR-E-ALAM SIDDIQUE, BIKASH CHANDRA SARKER, MD. JAHIDUL ISLAM and SIKDAR MOHAMMAD MARNES RASEL
Volume No : 1,  Issue No : 1,  Published year : 2014, Category : Informatics

Abstract:

The initial soil was silty loam having pH 4.90, Organic matter 1.92%, total N 0.12%, available P 4.00 µg g-1, K 0.040 meq 100 g-1, available Ca 1.50 meq 100 g-1, Mg 0.98 meq 100 g-1 and S 12.00 µg g-1. There were six lime treatments viz.T1: Control, T2 : 0.5 t lime ha-1 , T3 : 1.0 t lime ha-1, T4 : 1.5 t lime ha-1, T5 : 2.0 t lime ha-1, and T6 : 2.5 t lime ha-1. Dolochun was used as the liming material. The design of the experiment was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD )with three replications. Every plot received 140.0 kg N, 25.0 kg P, 106.0 kg K, 3.06 kg S, 3.6 kg Zn and 0.6 kg B ha-1 from urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum, zinc sulphate (monohydrate) and boric acid, respectively. The post harvest soils were analyzed for pH, OM, available P, Ca, Mg and K. The application of different rates of lime to soil progressively increased pH, OM and availability of P and gradually decreased K, Ca and Mg in soils at 30 DAL. Liming significantly increased at 30 DAL pH, OM but K, P, Ca, Mg decreased from 60 DAL up to 120 DAL. Available K, P, Ca and Mg were significantly increased due to application of lime which was mainly associated with increased wheat yields. 

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COX-2 EXPRESSION IN INFLAMMATION INDUCED ORAL CANCER - A SHORT REVIEW

Authors: *RAKESH N,¹ NAGESH K.S,² ASHA R IYENGAR,³ DEEPA B PATIL⁴

ABSTRACT

Oral carcinogenesis is a molecular and histological multistage process featuring genetic and phenotypic markers for each stage, which involves enhanced function of several oncogenes and/or the deactivation of tumor suppressor genes, resulting in the loss of cell cycle checkpoints. And even oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) have the potential to transform into oral cancers. It becomes essential to determine the severity of the disease process at an early stage. This led to the invention of determination of various tumor markers associated with the cancer initiation and progression so that early diagnosis and prompt treatment can be rendered to the population at risk. Inflammation is one of the most common finding in almost all disease scenario hence investigators have tried utmost to find out the connecting link between inflammation and cancer. In this paper we are highlighting on COX-2, proinflammatory mediator released in inflammation which has been proved to have a role in carcinogenesis in human beings.

Key Words: Oral Cancer, Inflammation, COX-2, Potentially malignant disorders,

RT-PCR, Comet assay, DNA damage, Reactive oxygen species

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IS CADHERIN RECEPTOR A SAFE OPTION IN GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS?

Author Name:  *LÓPEZ-PAZOS S.A., PORTELA D-D., RODRÍGUEZ S., CHAPARRO-GIRALDO A

Volume No : 5,  Issue No : 3,  Published year : 2013, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

Bacillus thuringiensis has been used as an important option in the management of pest insects. Cry protein appears to be the most noteworthy virulence factor codified into the B. thuringiensis genome. Cry protein mechanism involves proteolytic activation, binding to specific receptors, pore formation and cell lysis. Cadherin-like receptor plays a major role in the Cry protein binding to the midgut epithelial cells of the pest. Cadherin has a high potential for enhancement of the lethality of Cry toxins in genetically modified (GM) crops. Cry-Cadherin GM crops have not yet been developed. All GM crops should be assessed for potential allergenicity and toxicity (among other biosafety factors) as part of a coordinated approach to worldwide safety estimation. We prospectively assessed the possible safety risk in relation to insect cadherin gene expression in GM crops. Bioinformatic analyses (sequence identity of amino acids and homology) showed that cadherin gene is not hazardous to human health in association to allergenicity and toxicity. However, the results showed that cadherins have association with desmoglein-1, a protein related to autoallergy in humans, and RTX toxin from V. cholera. For this reason, it is necessary that cadherin-expressing GM crops must undergo a complete safety evaluation.

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ANALYSIS ON FREQUENCY OF IMIPENEM RESISTANT GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Author Name:  *SHANMUGA VADIVOO NATARAJAN, **SRIDEVI V.K NEMANI, **SUJATHA .KOLUKULA, **REWA D.SHARDA, **NIRANJANA MAHALINGAM and **BHAVANI MANIVANNAN

Volume No : 5,  Issue No : 3,  Published year : 2013, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:
Aim: Study of Imepenam resistance rate among selected gram negative bacilli, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. 
Materials and Methods: Specific Gram Negative Bacilli isolated from different clinical samples, received during a period of five years from January 2008 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed for Imepenam Resistance and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. 
Results: Among the isolates from different clinical samples there were 3411 isolates of E.coli. Conclusion: Our study shows that the Frequency of Imepenam Resistance is greater among Psedomonas than E.coli and Klebsiella.

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ORTHODONTIC RETENTION: A REVIEW

Author Name: *VINUTA S, SAURABH H. MALABADE, SANDEEP A BAILWAD, ABHISHEK PANDEY, BASU SK, SOHAJPREET SINGH RANDHAWA and KAMAL KANT JAKHAR
Volume No : 5, Issue No : 3, Published year : 2013, Category : Biological Sciences 

Abstract:
Much has been written and stated regarding the orthodontic retention following treatment. Maintaining the treatment result following orthodontic treatment is one of the most difficult aspects of the entire treatment process. An attempt has been made in this review to discuss the need for retention, various factors affecting orthodontic retention, and the various retainers that can be used for orthodontic retention.

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Published by "Online Journal of BioSciences and Informatics"