COX-2 EXPRESSION IN INFLAMMATION INDUCED ORAL CANCER - A SHORT REVIEW

Authors: *RAKESH N,¹ NAGESH K.S,² ASHA R IYENGAR,³ DEEPA B PATIL⁴

ABSTRACT

Oral carcinogenesis is a molecular and histological multistage process featuring genetic and phenotypic markers for each stage, which involves enhanced function of several oncogenes and/or the deactivation of tumor suppressor genes, resulting in the loss of cell cycle checkpoints. And even oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) have the potential to transform into oral cancers. It becomes essential to determine the severity of the disease process at an early stage. This led to the invention of determination of various tumor markers associated with the cancer initiation and progression so that early diagnosis and prompt treatment can be rendered to the population at risk. Inflammation is one of the most common finding in almost all disease scenario hence investigators have tried utmost to find out the connecting link between inflammation and cancer. In this paper we are highlighting on COX-2, proinflammatory mediator released in inflammation which has been proved to have a role in carcinogenesis in human beings.

Key Words: Oral Cancer, Inflammation, COX-2, Potentially malignant disorders,

RT-PCR, Comet assay, DNA damage, Reactive oxygen species

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IS CADHERIN RECEPTOR A SAFE OPTION IN GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS?

Author Name:  *LÓPEZ-PAZOS S.A., PORTELA D-D., RODRÍGUEZ S., CHAPARRO-GIRALDO A

Volume No : 5,  Issue No : 3,  Published year : 2013, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:

Bacillus thuringiensis has been used as an important option in the management of pest insects. Cry protein appears to be the most noteworthy virulence factor codified into the B. thuringiensis genome. Cry protein mechanism involves proteolytic activation, binding to specific receptors, pore formation and cell lysis. Cadherin-like receptor plays a major role in the Cry protein binding to the midgut epithelial cells of the pest. Cadherin has a high potential for enhancement of the lethality of Cry toxins in genetically modified (GM) crops. Cry-Cadherin GM crops have not yet been developed. All GM crops should be assessed for potential allergenicity and toxicity (among other biosafety factors) as part of a coordinated approach to worldwide safety estimation. We prospectively assessed the possible safety risk in relation to insect cadherin gene expression in GM crops. Bioinformatic analyses (sequence identity of amino acids and homology) showed that cadherin gene is not hazardous to human health in association to allergenicity and toxicity. However, the results showed that cadherins have association with desmoglein-1, a protein related to autoallergy in humans, and RTX toxin from V. cholera. For this reason, it is necessary that cadherin-expressing GM crops must undergo a complete safety evaluation.

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ANALYSIS ON FREQUENCY OF IMIPENEM RESISTANT GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Author Name:  *SHANMUGA VADIVOO NATARAJAN, **SRIDEVI V.K NEMANI, **SUJATHA .KOLUKULA, **REWA D.SHARDA, **NIRANJANA MAHALINGAM and **BHAVANI MANIVANNAN

Volume No : 5,  Issue No : 3,  Published year : 2013, Category : Biological Sciences

Abstract:
Aim: Study of Imepenam resistance rate among selected gram negative bacilli, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. 
Materials and Methods: Specific Gram Negative Bacilli isolated from different clinical samples, received during a period of five years from January 2008 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed for Imepenam Resistance and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. 
Results: Among the isolates from different clinical samples there were 3411 isolates of E.coli. Conclusion: Our study shows that the Frequency of Imepenam Resistance is greater among Psedomonas than E.coli and Klebsiella.

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ORTHODONTIC RETENTION: A REVIEW

Author Name: *VINUTA S, SAURABH H. MALABADE, SANDEEP A BAILWAD, ABHISHEK PANDEY, BASU SK, SOHAJPREET SINGH RANDHAWA and KAMAL KANT JAKHAR
Volume No : 5, Issue No : 3, Published year : 2013, Category : Biological Sciences 

Abstract:
Much has been written and stated regarding the orthodontic retention following treatment. Maintaining the treatment result following orthodontic treatment is one of the most difficult aspects of the entire treatment process. An attempt has been made in this review to discuss the need for retention, various factors affecting orthodontic retention, and the various retainers that can be used for orthodontic retention.

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Published by "Online Journal of BioSciences and Informatics"